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Real-Time Deformation with Coupled Cages and Skeletons
Fabrizio Corda, Jean-Marc Thiery, Marco Livesu, Enrico Puppo, Tamy Boubekeur, Riccardo Scateni
Couples cage and skeleton deformation spaces into a unified real-time framework, accessing poses unreachable by either control structure alone.
Abstract
Skeleton‐based and cage‐based deformation techniques represent the two most popular approaches to control real‐time deformations of digital shapes and are, to a vast extent, complementary to one another. Despite their complementary roles, high‐end modelling packages do not allow for seamless integration of such control structures, thus inducing a considerable burden on the user to maintain them synchronized. In this paper, we propose a framework that seamlessly combines rigging skeletons and deformation cages, granting artists with a real‐time deformation system that operates using any smooth combination of the two approaches. By coupling the deformation spaces of cages and skeletons, we access a much larger space, containing poses that are impossible to obtain by acting solely on a skeleton or a cage. Our method is oblivious to the specific techniques used to perform skinning and cage‐based deformation, securing it compatible with pre‐existing tools. We demonstrate the usefulness of our hybrid approach on a variety of examples.
How to read this
- Category
- Method: a hybrid real-time deformation framework
- Contributions
- Couples skeleton-based and cage-based deformation into a unified real-time system
- Accesses a larger pose space, reaching poses impossible with a skeleton or a cage alone
- Oblivious to the specific skinning and cage techniques used, keeping it compatible with existing tools
- Context
- Bridges the two complementary control paradigms (rigging skeletons and deformation cages), in the lineage of cage-based skinning work such as Ju et al.'s reusable skinning templates.Builds on: Reusable Skinning Templates Using Cage-based Deformations
- Correctness
- Demonstrated qualitatively on a variety of examples; the central claim is expressive coverage and seamless artist control, so it is an interaction/representation contribution rather than a physically validated one, and benefits accrue mainly where both control structures are wanted at once.
- Clarity
- Accessible; the coupling concept reads clearly in a first pass.
- How to read it
- First pass for the motivation and the coupled deformation space; second pass only if you need the blending math between cage and skeleton coordinates.
Built upon by
Nothing yet.
Related work
- Harmonic Coordinates for Character Articulation 2007 / SIGGRAPH
- Learning Skeletal Articulations with Neural Blend Shapes 2021 / SIGGRAPH
- Real-Time Skeletal Skinning with Optimized Centers of Rotation 2016 / SIGGRAPH
- NeuroSkinning: Automatic Skin Binding for Production Characters with Deep Graph Networks 2019 / SIGGRAPH
Keywords
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