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Dynamic Kelvinlets: Secondary Motions Based on Fundamental Solutions of Elastodynamics

Fernando de Goes, Doug L. James

SIGGRAPHPixar7 citesRiggingML Deformation

Real-time physically based secondary animation using analytic elastodynamic solutions, enabling compressive and shear wave effects on characters.

Abstract

We introduce Dynamic Kelvinlets, a new analytical technique for real-time physically based animation of virtual elastic materials. Our formulation is based on the dynamic response to time-varying force distributions applied to an infinite elastic medium. The resulting displacements provide the plausibility of volumetric elasticity, the dynamics of compressive and shear waves, and the interactivity of closed-form expressions. Our approach builds upon the work of de Goes and James [2017] by presenting an extension of the regularized Kelvinlet solutions from elastostatics to the elastodynamic regime. To finely control our elastic deformations, we also describe the construction of compound solutions that resolve pointwise and keyframe constraints. We demonstrate the versatility and efficiency of our method with a series of examples in a production grade implementation.

How to read this

Category
Method: an analytic elastodynamic deformation technique for real-time secondary motion
Contributions
  • Extends the regularized Kelvinlet solutions from elastostatics to the elastodynamic regime, giving closed-form displacements with compressive and shear wave dynamics
  • Constructs compound solutions that resolve pointwise and keyframe constraints for fine control
  • Demonstrates the approach in a production grade implementation with interactive, physically plausible volumetric elasticity
Context
Directly extends de Goes and James 2017 (Regularized Kelvinlets) from static sculpting to time-varying elastodynamics, sitting in the lineage of fundamental-solution (Green's function) approaches to elasticity.Builds on: Regularized Kelvinlets: Sculpting Brushes Based on Fundamental Solutions of Elasticity
Correctness
Built on the idealization of an infinite elastic medium with analytic responses, so it targets plausible secondary motion rather than a full boundary-respecting FEM solve; readers should remember it trades exact domain and boundary handling for closed-form speed and control.
Clarity
Reasonably accessible at the concept level; a first pass conveys the idea (analytic waves driven by force distributions), and a second pass is needed to follow the elastodynamic formulation and compound-constraint construction.
How to read it
Skim the figures and the static-to-dynamic extension first; if you intend to implement it, do a second pass on the elastodynamic kernels and the pointwise/keyframe constraint solve.

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